Socialism: Difference between revisions
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'''Socialism''', or the '''lower stage of socialism''', is a [[mode of production]]<ref>[https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/pe-ch23.htm ''Political Economy, Part III: The Socialist Mode of Production'']. '' Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R''. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> and transitional phase<ref>Karl Marx (1875). [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1875/gotha/ ''Critique of the Gotha Programme'']. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> between two other [[Mode of production|modes of production]], [[capitalism]] and [[communism]], characterized by [[Proletariat|workers]]' ownership of the [[means of production]], achieved through the expropriation of the [[bourgeoisie]] by a [[Dictatorship of the Proletariat|dictatorship of the proletariat]]. Socialist economies are based on central [[Planned economy|economic planning]], absence of the profit-motive and [[collectivization]]. | '''Socialism''', or the '''lower stage of socialism''', is a [[mode of production]]<ref>[https://www.marxists.org/subject/economy/authors/pe/pe-ch23.htm ''Political Economy, Part III: The Socialist Mode of Production'']. '' Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R''. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> and transitional phase<ref>Karl Marx (1875). [https://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/1875/gotha/ ''Critique of the Gotha Programme'']. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> between two other [[Mode of production|modes of production]], [[capitalism]] and [[communism]], characterized by [[Proletariat|workers]]' ownership of the [[means of production]], achieved through the expropriation of the [[bourgeoisie]] by a [[Dictatorship of the Proletariat|dictatorship of the proletariat]]. Socialist economies are based on central [[Planned economy|economic planning]], absence of the profit-motive and [[collectivization]]. | ||
The [[Scientific socialism|scientific socialist]] definition of the term, as used by [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninists]], refers to a particular stage of historical development — specifically the transitional state between the capitalist and communist modes of production (for this reason, it is also known as "the lower stage of communism", although it is generally considered distinct enough from communism to constitute its own separate mode of production).<ref>Joseph Stalin (1951). [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1951/economic-problems/ch02.htm ''Economic Problems of Socialism in the U.S.S.R.'']. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> However, the term "socialism" is often misused in broader left-wing discourse to denote public works, [[Social democracy|welfare programmes]] and/or [[State capitalism|small-scale forms of economic planning]] practiced by capitalist countries. | The [[Scientific socialism|scientific socialist]] definition of the term, as used by [[Marxism–Leninism|Marxist–Leninists]], refers to a particular stage of historical development — specifically the transitional state between the capitalist and communist modes of production (for this reason, it is also known as "the lower stage of communism", although it is generally considered distinct enough from communism to constitute its own separate mode of production).<ref>Joseph Stalin (1951). [https://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/stalin/works/1951/economic-problems/ch02.htm ''Economic Problems of Socialism in the U.S.S.R.'']. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.</ref> However, the term "socialism" is often misused in broader left-wing discourse to denote public works, [[Social democracy|welfare programmes]] and/or [[State capitalism|small-scale forms of economic planning]] practiced by capitalist countries. | ||
==Characteristics== | |||
{{Expand section}} | |||
===Origins=== | |||
Socialism is the first and lower stage of communism which emerges following a revolutionary transition away from capitalism. The contradictions found within the capitalist system provide the basis for socialism as exploitation, market volatility, centralization of capital towards monopoly, etc. grow to an extreme point as a result of the development of productive forces and the gigantic socialization. The proletarian revolution and abolition of private ownership of the means of production resolve one of the fundamental contradictions of the past capitalist society — that between the social character of production and the private capitalist form of appropriation. Socialism brings conformity between the relations of production and their level of development. | |||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Socialist state]] | * [[Socialist state]] | ||
* [[Dictatorship of the proletariat]] | |||
==References== | ==References== | ||
Revision as of 22:50, 5 August 2024
Socialism, or the lower stage of socialism, is a mode of production[1] and transitional phase[2] between two other modes of production, capitalism and communism, characterized by workers' ownership of the means of production, achieved through the expropriation of the bourgeoisie by a dictatorship of the proletariat. Socialist economies are based on central economic planning, absence of the profit-motive and collectivization.
The scientific socialist definition of the term, as used by Marxist–Leninists, refers to a particular stage of historical development — specifically the transitional state between the capitalist and communist modes of production (for this reason, it is also known as "the lower stage of communism", although it is generally considered distinct enough from communism to constitute its own separate mode of production).[3] However, the term "socialism" is often misused in broader left-wing discourse to denote public works, welfare programmes and/or small-scale forms of economic planning practiced by capitalist countries.
Characteristics
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Origins
Socialism is the first and lower stage of communism which emerges following a revolutionary transition away from capitalism. The contradictions found within the capitalist system provide the basis for socialism as exploitation, market volatility, centralization of capital towards monopoly, etc. grow to an extreme point as a result of the development of productive forces and the gigantic socialization. The proletarian revolution and abolition of private ownership of the means of production resolve one of the fundamental contradictions of the past capitalist society — that between the social character of production and the private capitalist form of appropriation. Socialism brings conformity between the relations of production and their level of development.
See also
References
- ↑ Political Economy, Part III: The Socialist Mode of Production. Economics Institute of the Academy of Sciences of the U.S.S.R. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.
- ↑ Karl Marx (1875). Critique of the Gotha Programme. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.
- ↑ Joseph Stalin (1951). Economic Problems of Socialism in the U.S.S.R.. Available on the Marxists Internet Archive.