User:Saul Wenger/sandbox/onthisday
September
September 26
1849: Ivan Pavlov, a Russian and Soviet experimental neurologist and physiologist known for his discovery of classical conditioning through his experiments with dogs, was born.
1915: Sergey Sergeyevich Smirnov, Soviet writer, author of documentary books about unknown heroes of the Great Patriotic War, including the defenders of the Brest Fortress, was born.
1939: The French Communist Party was banned in France, and its leaders were arrested.
1944: The Red Army liberated Estonia from fascist invaders.
September 27
1903: Vera Zakharovna Kharuzhaya was — a worker of the revolutionary movement in Western Belarus, partisan underground fighter during the Great Patriotic War. Hero of the Soviet Union (posthumously).
1942: In the midst of fighting in Stalingrad, Sergeant Yakov Pavlov's assault group began the defense of the house, which went down in the history of the Great Patriotic War as "Pavlov's House" — a symbol of courage and heroism.
September 28
1864: In London, Marx and Engels founded the International Workingmen's Association — later known as the First International, the first mass international organization of the working class.
1907: Bhagat Singh, Indian underground revolutionary, participant of the national liberation anti-colonial movement, leader of the Indian Socialist Republican Association, was born.
1918: Vasyl Olexandrovych Sukhomlynsky, an outstanding Soviet pedagogue and innovator, was born.
September 29
1904: Nikolai Ostrovsky, Soviet writer, author of the novels "How the Steel Was Tempered" and "Born of the Storm," was born.
1941: The beginning of the Babi Yar murders. In late September — early October on the north-western outskirts of Nazi-occupied Kiev fascists shot more than 150 thousand civilians and Soviet prisoners of war.
September 30
1891: Otto Schmidt was born. A legendary Soviet scientist, communist, mathematician, geographer, geophysicist, astronomer. Statesman, one of the organizers of the development of the Northern Sea Route, academician, vice-president of the Soviet Academy of Sciences, Hero of the Soviet Union (1937). Member of the Communist Party since 1918.
1895: Aleksandr Vasilevsky, Marshal of the Soviet Union, twice Hero of the Soviet Union, was born.
1942: In the Soviet town of Krasnodon, Voroshilovgrad Oblast, an anti-fascist Komsomol underground organization "Young Guard" was created from several youth underground groups to resist the fascist invaders.
October
October 1
1928: The Soviet Union approved the first five-year plan for the development of the national economy, a major step in its construction of socialism.
October 2
1882: Boris Mikhaylovich Shaposhnikov, Soviet military commander and military theorist, Marshal of the Soviet Union, was born.
1914: Yuri Borisovich Levitan, an outstanding Soviet radio and television announcer, People's Artist of the USSR, was born. During the Great Patriotic War he read out Sovinformburo reports, orders of the Supreme Commander-in-Chief and other important messages.
1920: V.I. Lenin delivered his famous speech "The Tasks of the Youth Leagues" at the III All-Russian Congress of the Komsomol, devoted to the tasks of communist education of youth and its role in building communism.
October 3
1884: Frederick Engels' work "The Origin of the Family, Private Property and the State" was published.
October 4
1816: Eugène Pottier, French revolutionary, member of the First International, participant of the Paris Commune, French songwriter, was born. Author of the text of the proletarian anthem "Internationale", set to music by P. De Geyter in 1888.
October 5
1920: Meliton Varlamovich Kantaria was born - junior sergeant of the Red Army, Hero of the Soviet Union. On the night of May 1, 1945, together with sergeant M.A. Yegorov, he hoisted the red Victory Banner over the defeated Reichstag.
1952: the XIX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union opened in Moscow. There was the last congress of the Bolshevik party in Leninist–Stalinist spirit.
October 6
1920: English science fiction writer H. G. Wells and Vladimir Lenin meet in the Kremlin.