Black Panther Party

Black Panther Party
Abbreviation	BPP
Leader	Huey P. Newton
Founded	15 October 1966
Dissolved	Circa 1982
Headquarters	Oakland, California, U.S.A.
Newspaper	The Black Panther
Political orientation	Black Nationalism Marxism Leninism Mao Zedong Thought Anti-imperialism Gun rights Intercommunalism
Political position	Far-left

The Black Panther Party (Originally the Black Panther Party for Self-Defense) was a militant black nationalist and revolutionary communist Party founded by Bobby Seale and Huey P. Newton in October 1966 in Oakland, California. It largely atrracted young urban african americansThe Party had numerous national chapters in the United States and international chapters around the world including the United Kingdom and Algeria.

They have become known for their policy of "copwatching" patrols in majority black communities in cities where they operate, particularly to

History

Beginnings and Founding

The leadership of the party, Huey P. Newton and Bobby Seale, were originally members of the Afro-American Organization,a black cultural organization led by Donald Warden. But they were dissastisfied by the procapitalist nature of black nationalism of Warden, and instead shifted their sentiments towards Malcolm X, and Robert F. Williams, a Cuba-based guerrilla warfare advocate.

Dissolving and aftermath

Huey P. Newton was assassinated in 1989.

10 Point Program, Rules, and Ideological Views

Black Panther Party members raise Mao Zedong's "Little Red Book"

The Black Panthers declare themseves to be following Marxism-Leninism and Mao Zedong Thought.They critisized revisionism of Right opportunism and Left dogmatism, critisized Frank Fanon's attack on Marxism-Leninism, and uphold Kim Il Sung and Mao Zedong as having applied Marxism-Leninism to their own country's conditions. Since the beginning of 1968, the Quotations From Chairman Mao-Tse Tung became required reading after selling the books to buy shotguns.

The Black Panther Party also emphasized the role of women in the organization, and about half of the Party's membership comprised of women. The Panthers also advocated for Gay rights and became more intertwined with the Gay Liberation Movement, with Newton stating that the Gay community“might be the most oppressed people in the society.”

10 Point Program

1. We Want Freedom. We Want Power To Determine The Destiny Of Our Black Community.
   We believe that Black people will not be free until we are able to determine our destiny.
2. We Want Full Employment For Our People.
   We believe that the federal government is responsible and obligated to give every man employment or a guaranteed income. We believe that if the White American businessmen will not give full employment, then the means of production should be taken from the businessmen and placed in the community so that the people of the community can organize and employ all of its people and give a high standard of living.
3. We Want An End To The Robbery By The Capitalists Of Our Black Community.
   We believe that this racist government has robbed us, and now we are demanding the overdue debt of forty acres and two mules. Forty acres and two mules were promised 100 years ago as restitution for slave labor and mass murder of Black people. We will accept the payment in currency which will be distributed to our many communities. The Germans are now aiding the Jews in Israel for the genocide of the Jewish people. The Germans murdered six million Jews. The American racist has taken part in the slaughter of over fifty million Black people; therefore, we feel that this is a modest demand that we make.
4. We Want Decent Housing Fit For The Shelter Of Human Beings.
   We believe that if the White Landlords will not give decent housing to our Black community, then the housing and the land should be made into cooperatives so that our community, with government aid, can build and make decent housing for its people.
5. We Want Education For Our People That Exposes The True Nature Of This Decadent American Society. We Want Education That Teaches Us Our True History And Our Role In The Present-Day Society.
   We believe in an educational system that will give to our people a knowledge of self. If a man does not have knowledge of himself and his position in society and the world, then he has little chance to relate to anything else.
6. We Want All Black Men To Be Exempt From Military Service.
   We believe that Black people should not be forced to fight in the military service to defend a racist government that does not protect us. We will not fight and kill other people of color in the world who, like Black people, are being victimized by the White racist government of America. We will protect ourselves from the force and violence of the racist police and the racist military, by whatever means necessary.
7. We Want An Immediate End To Police Brutality And Murder Of Black People.
   We believe we can end police brutality in our Black community by organizing Black self-defense groups that are dedicated to defending our Black community from racist police oppression and brutality. The Second Amendment to the Constitution of the United States gives a right to bear arms. We therefore believe that all Black people should arm themselves for self- defense.
8. We Want Freedom For All Black Men Held In Federal, State, County And City Prisons And Jails.
   We believe that all Black people should be released from the many jails and prisons because they have not received a fair and impartial trial.
9. We Want All Black People When Brought To Trial To Be Tried In Court By A Jury Of Their Peer Group Or People From Their Black Communities, As Defined By The Constitution Of The United States.
   We believe that the courts should follow the United States Constitution so that Black people will receive fair trials. The Fourteenth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution gives a man a right to be tried by his peer group. A peer is a person from a similar economic, social, religious, geographical, environmental, historical and racial background. To do this the court will be forced to select a jury from the Black community from which the Black defendant came. We have been, and are being, tried by all-White juries that have no understanding of the "average reasoning man" of the Black community.
10. We Want Land, Bread, Housing, Education, Clothing, Justice And Peace.
    When, in the course of human events, it becomes necessary for one people to dissolve the political bands which have connected them with another, and to assume, among the powers of the earth, the separate and equal station to which the laws of nature and nature's God entitle them, a decent respect of the opinions of mankind requires that they should declare the causes which impel them to the separation.