Philippine-American War

Philippine-American War
U.S. troops pictured near a mass grave of Moro insurgents and civilians killed during the Battle of Bud Dajo in the Philippines.
Date First phase: February 4, 1899 – July 4, 1902 (Offical date of the end of the conflict disputed) Moro Rebellion: May 2, 1902 – June 15, 1913 Location Philippines Result American victory American occupation of the Philippines fully established; dissolution of the First Philippine Republic. Development of the Philippines into a semi-feudal and bureaucrat capitalist colony. Territorial changes The Philippines becomes an unincorporated territory of the United States and later, an "independent" imperialized, semi-feudal and bureaucrat capitalist country.
Belligerents
1899–1902: First Philippine Republic Negros Republic Zamboanga Republic	1899–1902: United States United States Military Government of the Philippine Islands
1902–1913: Tagalog Republic(until 1906) Maguindanao Sultanate (until 1905) Sulu Sultanate	1902–1913: United States Insular Government of the Philippine Islands
Commanders and leaders
Emilio Aguinaldo Apolinario Mabini Antonio Luna X Miguel Malvar Gregorio del Pilar † Vicente Alvarez(Zamboanga Republic) Macario Sakay (Tagalog Republic) Datu Ali † (Maguindanao Sultunate) Jamalul Kiram II (Sulu Sultnate)	William McKinley X Theodore Roosevelt William Howard Taft Arthur MacArthur, Jr. Elwell Stephen Otis Adna Chaffee Henry Lawton Leonard Wood John J. Pershing
Strength
≈80,000–100,000 regular and irregular	≈126,000 total ≈24,000 to ≈44,000 field strength
Casualties and losses
About 10,000 killed (Emilio Aguinaldo estimate), 16,000–20,000 killed (American estimate)	4,200 killed, 2,818 wounded, several succumbed to disease
200,000 to 1,500,000 civilians / non-combatants killed

Further Reading

• Philippine Society and Revolution (1970) by Jose Maria Sison

See also

• Spanish-American War
• Philippine Revolution (1896-1898)
• Imperialism
• United States of America