Italian Communist Party
Italian Communist Party
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| Abbreviation | PCI |
| Founded | 21 January 1921 |
| Headquarters | Rome |
| Youth wing | Italian Communist Youth Federation (1921–1990) |
| Membership | 2,252,446 (1947)[1] |
| Political orientation |
Bolshevism Marxism-Leninism (1924-1944) Revisionism (1944-1991) Eurocommunism (1976-1991) Italian left communism (faction) |
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The Italian Communist Party (Italian: Partito Comunista Italiano, PCI) initially the Communist Party of Italy (Italian: Partito Comunista d'Italia, PCd'I) was a nominally communist party founded in Italy in 1921.[2] It was founded by Amadeo Bordiga, Antonio Gramsci, and Nicola Bombacci, following a split from the Italian Socialist Party.
The PCI initially included different currents, the largest of which being the left faction, led by Bordiga. The party would eventually Bolshevise and adopt Marxism-Leninism in the mid 1920s.
Bordiga and Gramsci would be arrested by the fascist regime in 1926. The party was militantly involved in the struggle against fascism, and played a major role in the fall of fascism in Italy.
However, despite the triumph of the Italian communists following World War II, the party abandoned its revolutionary character with the Salerno Turn. General secretary Palmiro Togliatti would reject armed struggle and embrace parliamentary democracy.
Despite no longer being a revolutionary party, the PCI would be targeted by NATO's anti-communist Operation Gladio.
Following the Counter-revolutions of 1989, the PCI would dissolve and the revisionist experiment of Eurocommunism would conclude.
References
- ↑ Dario De Lucia, Adesione, in Dal PCI al PD, Imprimatur, 2017
- ↑ https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/partito-comunista-italiano/